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Check-mate system : ウィキペディア英語版 | Check-mate system
The check-mate system was a system of ship identification used by the Allies of World War II. It was used by the Royal Navy when on patrol looking for German auxiliary cruisers and others ships that had been disguised by Axis forces. Under this system, a patrolling warship or aircraft would individually identify a suspect ship via the Admiralty in London; this step became necessary and was introduced after a German-held British ship in October 1942 was twice passed off by the Allies as still being British when challenged. ==Background== German auxiliary cruisers prowled the Atlantic and Indian Oceans searching for Allied merchant ships. Axis merchant ships overseas when the war began were used to refuel these auxiliary cruisers, pocket battleships, and long-range U-boats. Any Allied merchant ships captured by German ships could be similarly used for resupply. These Axis-crewed ships pretended to be neutral or Allied merchant ships if they encountered Allied patrols. Allied warships patrolling for Axis ships were given a list of Allied ships they were likely to see, and the list was periodically updated by radio signals from shore. Through the first half of the war, Allied warships frequently encountered Allied ships not on their lists. Only half of British ships answered a challenge correctly with their secret code, and foreign ships were even less likely respond appropriately. The lists often contained misspelled names or former names of renamed ships.〔
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